Decade of Advancement People's Livelihood Language English Keep on learn as long you live knowledge is priceless-464 |

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Contents:

Chapter 1 The Role of Happiness in People’s Lives001 Investigating Chinese people’s happiness 001 Who has the fnal say about people’s well-being? 012 New highlights of people’s expectations on livelihood 025 New measures of ministries and departments for people’s livelihood 033 Chapter 2 Tomorrow’s Housing041 Let “everyone have a place to live in“ 041 Where is China‘s property market going? 048 Where are the construction funds coming from? 059 How to cope with the interest chain 073 How to realize “sunshine” distribution 084 “Twin diffculties” of access and return 090 Chapter 3 In the Sunlight of Equal Education112 New horizon opened up by education reform 112 Wave of choosing schools — dilemma of inadequate supply 129 Independent recruitment: a battle of cherry picking 141 Why is it hard for a poor family to nurture a successful child? 148 Chapter 4 Chinese-style Medical Reform161 Implementation plan for medical reform in the 12th Five-Year Plan period 161 Six issues related to the diffculty and high cost of seeking medical treatment 176 Breakthroughs are needed in the reform of public hospitals 186 Chapter 5 Sharing the Fruits of Development198 General plan for income distribution reform 198 Who is in charge of my salary? 208 A white-collar worker’s life of coping with in�0�4ation 220 How to defne the term "middle-income group"? 228 Tax reduction progress in China 233 Chapter 6 Broadening Channels for Employment253 Prioritize the development of employment 253 Employment discrimination and equality 265 New appeals of the new generation of migrant workers 283 Chapter 7 Building a Social Security System295 Developing a more equitable social security system 295 How can pensions and medical insurance roam nationwide? 317 How to keep and increase value of pensions 326   Introduction   People’s livelihood and opinions are not a small matter, and even thesmallest caring gesture can exert far-reaching in�0�4uences. In recent years, the Party and the government have adhered to the protection and improvement of people’s livelihood as the starting point and the foothold and attachedmuch importance to people’s livelihood in the financial crisis to boost people’s confdence. As the CPI (Consumer Price Index) goes up, they have continued to focus on people’s livelihood and stabilization of prices; in timesof economic transformation, people’s livelihood is not neglected, and their happiness and dignity are valued.    Create a happy tomorrow for people   Take the improvement of people’s livelihood as the starting point and foothold of government work   In 2012, in the annual sessions of the National People’s Congress (NPC) and Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) National Committee, people’s livelihood issues were of great concern. These concerns include education, health care, employment and other issues difficult to tackle, as well as property market regulation, price regulation, food safety and other main concerns.    “In recent years, our country’s public revenue has mainly been spent on health care, education, insurance and other fields which embodythe superiority of the socialist system, and fully demonstrate our ability, confidence, and determination to enable all citizens to share on an equal basis the fruits of reform and development.“   A member of the 11th CPPCC National Committee and the vice president of the Supreme People’s Court, Wan Exiang said: “People have needs, and the government meets them. Every year the government work report should respond to the people’s livelihood.“ Zheng Fan, a member of the CPPCC National Committee and the Central Committee of the Taiwan Democratic Self-Government League (TDSGL) talked about “the specifc amount of new rural cooperative medical system, radio and TV — three measures for rural areas... The report explains in detail the specifc problems of many people’s concerns rather impressively.”    “Starting point“ and “foothold“ — the two key words that appear annually highlight the safeguarding and improvement of people’s livelihoodin the Party and the government’s work.   ·The 2008 government work report put forward: Take it as the starting point and the foothold of government work to effectively realize, safeguard, and develop the fundamental interests of the most people. Pay more attention to ensuring and improving people’s livelihood, particularly responding to and solving the diffculties of people with low incomes in urban and rural areas, so that all the people can share the fruits of reform and development.   ·In the face of the international financial crisis, the government work report in 2009 made the following commitments: to keep ensuring and improving the people’s livelihood as the starting point and the foothold of economic work; to implement a more active employment policy; topromote growth and increase employment closely together with the improvement of people’s livelihood, enabling people to share the fruits of reform and development.   ·In 2010, the government work report emphasized: take improvement of the people’s livelihood as the starting point, foothold and lasting power for economic development, strive to safeguard fairness and justice, andensure that everybody shares the fruits of reform and development, so as to promote social harmony and stability.   ·In 2011, the government work report put forward: take a people-oriented approach to ensure and improve people’s livelihood as the starting point and foothold of all work, resolutely pursue the road of common prosperity to ensure that the benefts of development are shared by everybody.   ·This year’s In 2012, the government work report reiterated the promise: adhere to ensuring and improving people’s well-being as the fundamental starting point and the foothold, and to promoting social fairness and justice more prominently, to beneft people. People’s livelihood and opinions are by no means a small matter, so even the smallest caring gesture can exert far-reaching in�0�4uences.    In recent years, the Party and the government have adhered to the protection and improvement of people’s livelihood as a starting point and foothold, attaching importance to people’s livelihood in times of financial crisis to boost confidence; as the CPI rises, they still focus on people’s livelihood and price stability; in economic transformation, people’s livelihood is not neglected, and their happiness and dignity are valued.   Wang Linxu, a member of the CPPCC National Committee and vice president of Minzu University of China, said, "From the fve government work reports, we can see not only the responsibility and mission of the times but also the deep concerns about people’s livelihood. Taking people’s livelihood as the starting point and the foothold is no empty talk, but down-to-earth action and measures.        Place the promotion of social fairness and justice in a more prominent position   In January, 2008, Hu Xiaoyan, a migrant worker, was elected as an NPC deputy. Over the past four years, she has made a number of recommendations, including optimizing migrant workers’ living and employment environment, improving the education of left-behind children, and gradually providing legal basis for migrant workers to be treated the same as urban residents. These recommendations have attracted much attention from the Party and the government.    “Migrant workers have made a great contribution to social development but cannot enjoy the same social welfare and treatment. That’s not reasonable,“ she said.    From the law to ensure migrant workers are paid in full and on time in 2008, to the formulation and implementation of migrant workers’ endowment insurance in 2009; from the improvement of conditions for migrant workers and urban and rural labor employment capabilities put forward in 2010, to changing the status of a certain number of migrant workers living in cities and towns with stable labor relations for a certain number of years gradually into urban residents put forward in 2011, and then to strengthening care and service for migrant workers in 2012, much effort has been put into solving the practical problems facing migrant workers in employment services, social security, access to education for their children, housing tenure and other practical problems.   In the 5th government work report, issues concerning workers were discussed in greater length. There are more employment policies on improving their living conditions with ever wider application.   Hu Xiaoyan said that in her opinion, to eliminate the differences between rural and urban areas for all people enjoy the same treatment meant the meaning of happiness and the dignity of life.   Adhere to reform and development; always bear in mind to benefit people and make them rich.   As the state pays more attention to optimizing the structure of fiscal expenditure, stressing key points, attaching more importance to people’s livelihood, and strengthening weak links in the process, migrant workers and more other groups as well have received the benefts.   Many members said the arrangements in the government work report fully re�0�4ect the determination of the government to promote social fairness and justice to help poor people in impoverished areas. Housing is a livelihood need. An NPC deputy, Ma Yuanzhu, said in 2012 the construction of 7 million low-income housing units will be started, which will, in addition to the 10 million units under construction since last year, help solve the housing problems of some migrant workers and urban underprivileged. This highlights the great efforts the government is making to help the “sandwich class“ in the cities.   Employment is the basis of people’s livelihood. “In the government work report, the employment problem has been repeatedly mentioned, including the employment of graduates, and migrant workers specifically. Now, the difficulty lies not only in employment but also in recruitment. Once the government intervenes, such structural contradictions will be relieved,“ said Fujian NPC deputy Gao Xiaoming.   Social security is the foundation of social stability. NPC deputy and Renmin University professor, Zheng Gongcheng thinks China’s social security system will achieve complete coverage this year, so the aspiration to make the security system accessible to everybody will be realized. Therefore, people pay more attention to the system of fairness, to narrowing the gap between different groups, so that the whole society can develop soundly towards fairness, justice and shared values.   In a review of the measurements for people’s livelihood in the 5th government work report, many deputies said that everybody must be able to share the fruits of reform and development, highlighting the fact that the government pays more attention to promoting social fairness and justice, and the determination and power of the government to help the underprivileged and impoverished areas.       Submit a heart-warming “people’s livelihood list”   From the 1st to the 5th session of the 11th National People’s Congress, each government work report had a heart-warming “people’s livelihood list“ in dozens of pages. People’s livelihood is at the root of the issue of development, while the ultimate aim of development is to protect and improve people’s livelihood. Jian Qin, an NPC deputy from Sichuan, said that in recent years, the government’s measurement of people’s livelihood has become more nuanced, the deployment is more practical, and more practical benefts are given to ordinary people. Every government work report makes a solemn commitment to the improvement of people’s livelihood, no matter whether the commitment is big or small, people will always receive a serious answer in the next year’s report.   ·The 2008 government work report stated that the central budget’s contribution to investment in education would increase to 156.2 billion yuan. This year, the government work report put forward that “the central government has allocated 4% of GDP to the education budget, and local financial authorities should also make corresponding arrangements.” The central government will allocate an education expenditure of 378.1 billion yuan and the local governments 1.79 trillion yuan, making a total of about 2.1 trillion yuan.   ·The 2008 government work report stated that the urban resident basic medical insurance pilot scheme should be extended to more than 50% of the cities throughout the country; and that the new rural cooperative medical care system should be fully implemented. This year’s government work report shows that China’s current “basic medical insurance coverage continues to expand, that 1.3 billion urban and rural residents are covered, and that the national health care system has been initially set up."   ·The 2008 government work report pointed out that “central government has spent 6.8 billion yuan on low-cost housing construction“. This year’s government work report indicated that in 2011 the central government allocated 171.3 billion yuan for affordable housing construction. This year “basically, 5 million �0�4ats have been completed and construction of 7 million �0�4ats will be commenced."   “People’s livelihood means doing good things and solid work for people, rather than mouthing empty slogans, or pursuing vanity projects. It is the ultimate test of government,“ said Yu Dina, the local NPC deputy from Jingde County, Anhui Province and branch secretary of Hongchuan Village, Baidi Town.   To ensure and improve people’s livelihood is the fundamental goal of national development. After years of efforts, our country has accomplished achievements recognized internationally and domestically in health care, education, social security, housing security and other aspects of people’s livelihood. But along with national economic and social development, the broad masses have developed new expectations and new demands in  “livelihood“.   The more the economy develops, the more concern there is about people’s livelihood. Faced with a complex and volatile international political and economic environment and the arduous task of domestic reform, the annual government work report has new concerns and new commitments. In the 2012 NPC session, the new words of school bus safety and “PM2.5“ frst appeared in the government work report. Reading the report carefully, people can fnd very specifc people’s livelihood initiatives on eight kinds of grave diseases such as uremia.People’s lives are getting better and better. The government has acted promptly in setting news goals in respond to people's new hopes and expectations:   ·Since the end of 2011, PM2.5, the environmental scientific term, has rapidly become a “hot word“. Facing public concern before the NPC and CPPCC, the State Council agreed to the release of a newly revised Ambient Air Quality Standard, adding the PM2.5 monitoring index.   ·“This year’s government work report made it clear: monitoring of PM2.5 projects will cover prefecture-level cities by 2015. This reflects the government’s determination to protect the ecological environment, taking a path of civilized development,“ said Cao Ya, a member of the CPPCC National Committee and vice president of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University.   ·China’s medical security, for 1.3 billion people is an issue of global concern. After three years of effort, China’s medical reform has entered a “deep-water area“. This year’s government work report made it clear: accelerate the improvement of the national health care system.   ·“The Party and the government’s determination and effort to promote the world’s largest healthcare reform are clear to see,“ recognized NPC deputy Liu Xiaowu.     ·Last year, the CPI continued rising, and the rise of food prices was the most obvious. People have to worry about vegetable and meat prices every day, so they are most concerned about these topics. CPPCC National Committee member and President of the China Commercial Federation, Zhang Zhigang, said: “this year’s government work report emphasizes keeping the overall price level basically stable, and the fact that the CPI growth was controlled at about 4% shows the government’s determination to ensure people’s livelihood.”   From adequate food and clothing, to achieving an generally affluent society to the full realization of an af�0�4uent society, people’s livelihood needs have changed from solving basic livelihood, the pursuit of development opportunities and development capacity to higher social welfare, with citizens rapidly becoming happier and more dignified.“ This is the shared views of NPC deputies and CPPCC members this year.   People feel happy about those who care about their happiness; and they are concerned about those who worry about their worries.   The Party and the government make great efforts to overcome all kinds of challenges and diffculties in the process, pay much attention to people’s livelihood, attach importance to it, protect it, and improve it, and further stimulate hundreds of millions of people’s confidence and strength to do solid work, forge ahead in unity, be enthusiastic and better themselves.   ​All the books in our store. can translation in to the Robot language. or the Big data. 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